![]() ![]() " A Fragmentary Monument of Djoser from Saqqara." The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 80 (1994): 45–56. " The Past in the Present: The Reuse of Ancient Material in the 12th Dynasty." Aegyptus 89 (2009): 89–110. " The Underground Relief Panels of King Djoser at the Step Pyramid Complex." Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 32 (1995): 1–42. Friedman, Florence Dunn, and Florence Friedman." Radiocarbon-Based Chronology for Dynastic Egypt." Science 328 (2010): 1554–57. " Archaism and Kingship: A Late Royal Statue and Its Early Dynastic Model." The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 87 (2001): 103–18. But stepped pyramids were the common type of tomb for both private and public individuals until the 4th dynasty when Sneferu built the first smooth-sided, albeit bent, pyramid. Roth (1993) has an interesting paper about what the shift from rectangular to pointy pyramids meant to Egyptian society and its relationship to the sun god Ra, but that's a digression. That may seem odd to those of us who think "pyramid-shaped" means smooth-sided, no doubt because of the classic Giza Plateau pyramids, also dated to the Old Kingdom. The Step Pyramid is made up of a stack of rectangular mounds, each built of limestone blocks, and decreasing in size upward. Material: Native limestone What is a Step Pyramid? Size: 205 feet high, 358 feet square at the base, complex covers 37 acres Purpose: Burial chamber for Djoser (Horus Ntry-ht, ruled 2667–2648 BCE)Ĭomplex: Surrounded by a rectangular wall enclosing several shrines and open courtyards Culture: 3rd Dynasty, Old Kingdom Egypt (ca. ![]()
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